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NEW RELEASE:
Hydrogels for Osteochondral
Tissue Engineering
Journal of Biomedical
Research

(March 2020)
NEW RELEASE:
Anti-Wrinkle Activity
& Transdermal Delivery
of GHK Peptide
Journal of Peptide Science
(March 2020)
Pulsed Glow Discharge
to GHK-Cu Determination
International Journal
of Mass Spectrometry

(March 2020)
Protective Effects of GHK-Cu
in Pulmonary Fibrosis
Anti-Inflammation
Life Sciences
(January 2020)
Anti-Wrinkle Benefits
of GHK-Cu Stimulating
Skin Basement Membrane
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
(January 2020)
Structural Analysis
Molecular Dynamics of
Skin Protective
TriPeptide GHK
Journal of Molecular Structure
(January 2020)
In Vitro / In Vivo Studies
pH-sensitive GHK-Cu in
Superabsorbent Polymer
ACS OMEGA
(2019)
GHK Enhances
Mesenchymal
Stem Cells Osteogenesis
Acta Biomaterialia
(2019)
Self-Assembled
Antibacterial GHK-Cu
Nanoparticles for
Wound Healing
Particle & Particle (2019)
Effect of GHK-Cu
on Stem Cells and
Relevant Genes
OBM Geriatrics
(2018)
GHK Alleviates
Neuronal Apoptosis Due
to Brain Hemorrhage
Frontiers in Neuroscience
(2018)
GHK-Cu:
Endogenous Antioxidant
International Journal of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology (2018)
Regenerative and
Protective Actions of
GHK-Cu Peptide
International Journal of
Molecular Sciences
(2018)
Skin Regenerative and
Anti-Cancer Actions
of Copper Peptides
Cosmetics
(2018)
GHK-Cu Accelerates
Scald Wound Healing
Promoting Angiogenesis
Wound Repair and
Regeneration
(2017)

GHK Peptide Inhibits
Pulmonary Fibrosis
by Suppressing TGF-β1
Frontiers in Pharmacology
(2017)
UNITED STATES PATENT:
Non-Toxic
Skin Cancer Therapy
with Copper Peptides
(2017)
The Effect of Human
Peptide GHK Relevant to
Nervous System Function
and Cognitive Decline
Brain Sciences (2017)
Effects of Tripeptide
GHK in Pain-Induced
Aggressive Behavior
Bulletin of Experimental
Biology & Medicine
(2017)
GHK-Cu Elicits
In Vitro Alterations
in Extracellular Matrix
Am Journal of Respiratory
and Critical Care Medicine

(2017)
Selected Biomarkers &
Copper Compounds
Scientific Reports

(2016)
GHK-Cu on Collagen,
Elastin, and Facial Wrinkles
Journal of Aging Science
(2016)
Tri-Peptide GHK-Cu
and Acute Lung Injury
Oncotarget
(2016)

Effect of GHK Peptide
on Pain Sensitivity
Experimental Pharmacology
(2015)

New Data of the
Cosmeceutical and
TriPeptide GHK
SOFW Journal
(2015)
GHK Peptide as a
Natural Modulator of
Multiple Cellular Pathways
in Skin Regeneration
BioMed Research (2015)
Resetting Skin Genome
Back to Health
Naturally with GHK
Textbook of Aging Skin
(2015)
GHK-Cu May Prevent
Oxidative Stress in Skin
by Regulating Copper and
Modifying Expression of
Numerous Antioxidant Genes Cosmetics (2015)
GHK Increases
TGF-β1 in
Human Fibroblasts

Acta Poloniae
Pharmaceutica

(2014)
GHK:
The Human Skin Remodeling Peptide Induces Anti-Cancer
Expression and DNA Repair Analytical Oncology
(2014)
GHK & DNA:
Resetting the
Human Genome to Health
BioMed Research
International
(2014)
Enhanced Tropic Factor Secretion of Mesenchymal
Stem Cells with GHK
Acta Biomater
(2014)
Anxiolytic (Anti-Anxiety)
Effects of GHK Peptide
Bulletin of Experimental
Biology & Medicine
(2014)
Emphysema-Related
Lung Destruction and
its Reversal by GHK
Genome Medicine
(2012)
TriPeptide GHK Induces
Programmed Cell Death
of Neuroblastoma
Journal of Biotechnology
(2012)
Stem Cell
Recovering Effect
of GHK in Skin
Peptide Science
(2012)
Skin Penetration of
Copper Tripeptide in Vitro
Journal of International
Inflammation Research
(2010)
Possible Therapeutics
for Colorectal Cancer
Journal of Clinical and
Experimental Metastasis
(2010)
UNITED STATES PATENT:
Methods of Controlling
Differentiation and
Proliferation of Stem Cells
(2005)
Effects of
Copper Tripeptide
on Irradiated Fibroblasts
American Medical Association
(2005)
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Study Result References
Methods to Reverse Aging Effects in
Human Skin
Several open studies gave evidence for wrinkle reduction, blemish reduction, increased skin thickness, elasticity, and improved appearance. Pickart  US Patents, 5,135,913   Skin treatment composition comprises GHL-CU or derivatives for improving skin health, increasing subcutaneous fat, dermal thickness and density, 5,348,943   Cosmetic and skin treatment compositions.
Human Skin Renewal Study

A clinical study which compared the effect on the skin's production of collagen after using creams containing copper-peptides, vitamin C, or retinoic acid (retin-A) Twenty volunteers applied the various creams to their thighs daily for one month. New collagen production was determined by studying skin biopsy samples using immunohistological techniques.

The study found, that after one month, copper-peptides had the most significant effect on collagen production. Significant increases in collagen production were found in 70% of the persons treated with copper-peptide creams, 50% of the persons treated with the vitamin C cream, and 40% of the persons treated with retinoic acid.
Effects of topical creams containing vitamin C, a copper-binding peptide cream and melatonin compared with tretinoin on the ultrastructure of normal skin - A pilot clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural study. Abdulghani A.A.; Sherr A.; Shirin S.; Solodkina G.; Tapia E.M.; Wolf.GottliebA.B.; Dermatology, UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; Disease Management and Clinical Outcomes, 1998, 1:136-141.
Human Skin Renewal Study
GHK-Cu containing liquid foundation tested on skin appearance, skin elasticity and epidermal thickness in an 8 week study. GHK-Cu containing liquid foundation improved skin appearance, and increased skin elasticity and epidermal thickness.

A Clinical Evaluation of a Copper-Peptide Containing Liquid Foundation and Cream Concealer Designed for Improving Skin Condition.  Appa Y, Barkovic S, Finkey M B, Neutrogena Corporation, Los Angeles, CA,  Stephens, T, TJ Stephens & Associates, Inc, Dallas, TX Abstract P66, American Academy of Dermatology Meeting,  February 2002

Reduction of Photo Damage
GHK-Cu containing creams tested for reducing visible signs of aging and increasing skin density. GHK-Cu containing creams reduced visible signs of aging and increased skin density in 8 weeks on facial skin. 

The Effect of Tripeptide to Copper Ratio in Two Copper Peptide Creams on Photoaged Facial Skin. Leyden J, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,  Grove,  G, KGL, Inc/Skin Study Center, Broomall, PA;  Barkovic S, Appa Y, Neutrogena Corporation, Los Angeles, CA; Abstract P67, American Academy of Dermatology Meeting, February 2002
Human Skin Renewal Study
GHK-Cu containing creams tested for effect on wrinkles, fine line, skin elasticity, skin density, and thickness. Placebo-controlled study, 71 females, 12 weeks. GHK-Cu containing creams reduced wrinkles and fine lines while increasing skin elasticity, skin density, and thickness.  Skin Care Benefits of Copper Peptide Containing Facial Cream. Leyden J, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA  Stephens T, Thomas J Stephens & Associates, Inc, Dallas, TX; Finkey MB, Barkovic S, Neutrogena Corporation, Los Angeles, CA; Abstract P68, American Academy of Dermatology Meeting,  February 2002
Human Skin Renewal Study
GHK-Cu containing eye creams tested on wrinkles, fine lines and eye appearance in placebo controlled study, 41 females, 12 weeks. In a second placebo controlled, 3 week, half face study, GHK-Cu was significantly better than a vitamin K cream.

GHK-Cu containing eye creams reduced wrinkles and fine lines while improving eye appearance in placebo-controlled study. 

GHK-Cu was significantly better than a vitamin K cream.

Skin Care Benefits of Copper Peptide Containing Eye Creams.  Leyden J, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Stephens T, Thomas J Stephens & Associates, Inc, Dallas, TX; Finkey MB, Barkovic S, Neutrogena Corporation, Los Angeles, CA; Abstract P69, American Academy of Dermatology Meeting, February 2002
Review
Review of skin remodeling Pickart L, Copper Peptides for Tissue Regeneration, Specialty Chemicals, Oct. 9, 2002, 29-31. 2002
Human Skin Renewal Study
Renewal with GHK-Cu in SPF 20 skin cream Stephens TJ, Sigler ML, Finkley MB, Appa Y, Skin benefits of a SPF-20 copper peptide containing skin cream, 61th Amer Acad Derm Meeting, San Francisco, 2003
Review
Review of skin remodeling Pickart L, Copper peptides for aging reversal, Body Language Dermatology, April 2003,
Review
Review of skin remodeling Pickart, L, Copperceuticals and the skin, Cosmetics & Toiletries 2003, 118:24-28
Theory of Skin Remodeling
Biochemical theory of mechanism of skin remodeling Pickart L, Skin remodeling copper peptides, Cosmetics & Medicine (Russia) 2004, Number 2, pages 14-29,
Review of Cosmetic Studies on GHK-Cu

A series of placebo-controlled studies found GHK-Cu skin creams to:
1. Tighten loose skin and improve elasticity
2. Improve skin density and firmness
3. Reduce fine lines and deep wrinkles 4. Improve skin clarity
5. Reduce photodamage and mottled hyperpigmentation
6. Strongly increase keratinocyte proliferation in women of 50 year old range

Copper Peptide and Skin, M.B. Finkley, Y. Appa, S. Bhandarkar, Cosmeceuticals and Active Cosmetic, 2nd Edition (ISBN: 0-8247-4239-7), 2005, pp 549-563
GHK actions on sebum production
GHK suppresses sebum production in cultured sebocytes but not overall lipid synthesis Schagen S, Voegeli R, Imfeld D, Schreier T, Zouboulis CC, Lipid regulation in SZ95 sebocytes by glycyl-histidyl-lysine, 16th European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Congress, 16-20 May 2007
Review of Remodeling
Review of the New Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Skin Remodeling Pickart L, The human tripeptide GHK and tissue remodeling, "Wound Healing and Technology", J. Biomater, Sci. Polymer Edit. Vol 19, No. 8 pp. 969-988 (2008).
Skin Penetration of Copper Peptides
GHK-Cu penetrates skin via the horny lipid layer of the skin barrier

Mazurowska L, Mojski M, Biological activities of selected peptides: skin penetration ability of copper complexes with peptides, J Cosmet Sci. 2008 Jan-Feb;59(1):59-69.

Update on Remodeling
Presented at Wound Healing Society, April 2008

Pickart L and Pickart F, GHK defines the biochemical reactions of tissue remodeling.

Look at http://www.skinbiology.com/copperpeptideregeneration-WHS2008.html

Questions or Advice?

Email Dr. Loren Pickart at drlorenpickart@gmail.com

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